Actionmailer

Action Mailer is the Rails component that enables applications to send and receive e-mail. In this chapter we will see how to send an email using Rails. So lets start with creating a emails project using following command.

C:\ruby\> rails emails

This will create required framework to proceed. Now we will start with configuring Action Mailer.

Action Mailer - Configuration

Following are the steps you have to follow to complete your configruation before proceeding with actual work:

Go into config folder of your emails project and open environment.rb file and add the following line at the bottom of this file.


ActionMailer::Base.delivery_method = :smtp

This tells ActionMailer that you want to user SMTP server. You can also set it to be :sendmail if you are using a Unix-based operating system such as Mac OS X or Linux.

Add the following lines of code to the bottom of your environment.rb as well.

ActionMailer::Base.server_settings = {
:address => "smtp.dhavalparikh.co.in",
:port => 25,
:domain => "dhavalparikh.co.in",
:authentication => :login,
:user_name => "username",
:password => "password",
}


The values given in double quotes will be different for your SMTP server. You can take this information from your Inernet Service Provider if you already don't know. You don't need to change port number 25 and authentication type if you ar eusing standard SMTP server.

Next step will be to create a mailer

Generate a mailer:
Use the following command to generate a mailer as follows:

C:\ruby\> cd emails
C:\ruby\emails> ruby script/generate mailer Emailer


This will create a file emailer.rb in app\models directory. Check the content of this file is as follows:

class Emailer > ActionMailer::Base
end


Let's create one method as follows.

class Emailer > ActionMailer::Base
def contact(recipient, subject, message, sent_at = Time.now)
@subject = subject
@recipients = recipient
@from = 'no-reply@yourdomain.com'
@sent_on = sent_at
@body["title"] = 'This is title'
@body["email"] = 'sender@yourdomain.com'
@body["message"] = message
@headers = {}
end
end


The contact method has four parameters a recipient, subject, message and a sent_at, which defines when the e-mail is sent. The method also defines six standard parameters that are a part of every ActionMailer method:

@subject defines the e-mail subject.

@body is a Ruby hash that contains values with which you can populate the mail template. You created three key-value pairs: title, email, and message

@recipients is a list of the people to whom the message is being sent.

@from defines who the e-mail is from.

@sent_on takes the sent_at parameter and sets the timestamp of the e-mail.

@headers is another hash that enables you to modify the e-mail headers. For example, you can set the MIME type of the e-mail if you want to send either plain text or HTML e-mail.

Now we will create a mailer template which is just text with standard Rails placeholders scattered throughout.

Put following code in app/views/contact.rhtml file

Hi!

You are having one email message from with a tilte


and following is the message:


Thanks


Next we will create a controller for this application as follows:

C:\ruby\emails> ruby script/generate controller Emailer


Now lets define a controller method in emailer_controller.rb which will call Model method to send actual email as follows:

class EmailerController < email =" @params[" recipient =" email[" subject =" email[" message =" email[" text =""> 'Message sent successfully'
end
end


To deliver e-mail using the mailer.s contact method, you have to add deliver_ to the beginningof the method name. You add a return if request.xhr? line so that you can escape to Rails Java Scripr (RJS) if the browser does not support JavaScript and then tell the method to render a text message.

You are almost done except to prepare a screen from where you will get user information to send email. So lets define one screen method index in controller and corresponding view:

Add following code in emailer_controller.rb file

def index
render :file => 'app\views\emailer\index.rhtml'
end


Now let's define our view in app\views\emails\index.rhtml

Send Email

bracket bracket %= text_field 'email', 'subject' %bracket bracket /pbracket
bracket pbracket bracket label for="email_recipient"bracket Recipientbracket /labelbracket :
bracket %= text_field 'email', 'recipient' %bracket bracket /pbracket
bracket pbracket bracket label for="email_message"bracket Messagebracket /labelbracket

bracket %= text_area 'email', 'message' %bracket bracket /pbracket


Now test your application by using http://127.0.0.1:3000/Emailer/index. This displays following screen and by using this screen now you will be able to send your message to anybody.

This will send your message and will display text message that "Message sent successfully"